ДП "ДНІЦ СКАР"
Державний науково-інженерний центр систем контролю та аварійного реагування
У розділі матеріалів: 54 Показано матеріалів: 1-20 |
Сторінки: 1 2 3 » |
Журнал выпуск 14 |
New composite fibers are synthesized by in situ deposition of potassium-nickel ferrocyanide layer on the surface of modified polyacrylonitrile fibers. The data of electron microscopic and infrared investigations confirmed the formation of the ferrocyanide layer on the fibers’ surface. Composite fibers are chemically stable in both acidic and alkaline solutions, and are characterized by high selectivity for cesium ions in the presence of excess of competitive sodium and potassium ions.
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The influence of the magnetic isotope effect on the reaction of radical pairs containing radical-ion UO2 2+ is investigated. This can be further used in the new method of uranium isotope separation in chemical reactions.
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The sorption-desorption processes in the systems ―radionuclide (137Cs, 90Sr)—natural clay minerals‖ and
―radionuclide (137Cs, 90Sr)—modified clay mineral forms with deposited humic acids and iron hydroxide‖ were
studied. It is found that the presence of humic acids and Fe(OH)3 on the surface of clay minerals increases 137Cs and
90Sr sorption in wide pH range (4 9). Ions Na+
and Ca2+ with the increase of their concentration in aqueous
solutions reduce the 137Cs and 90Sr fixation and promote their migration to the environment. It is shown that the
ammonium salts act as effective leaching reagents relative to the cesium ions and according to their desorption
capacity they can be arranged as follows: NH4Cl<NH4H2Cit<(NH4)2Ox<(NH4)2HCit
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This study considers the main tasks of comprehensive radiological monitoring in the areas of NPP location. It is shown that in order to transform an informational monitoring system into a management system, i. e. to expand its functionality it is necessary to incorporate an analytical expert subsystem in it to assess impact of a nuclear power plant on the environment (EkoIES), which is designed to collect, preserve, organize, analyze, share and map the data of comprehensive radiological monitoring / control in the monitoring areas of nuclear power plants. |
Ukrainian NPPs have accumulated in total more than 33 thousands m 3 of liquid radioactive wastes (LRW) of different activity categories. The known methods of processing the sediments from LRW temporary storage containers cannot be widely applied because of their low technological and economic efficiency, as well as due to lack of storage facilities for the final product, which has a larger volume in comparison to the initial LRW. It is proposed to separate components of preliminary purified LRW, and then to process them by periodic portioned filtering through a layer of fine-dispersed adsorbent in the flow of the circulating eluent. This method permits to reduce significantly the amount of radioactive wastes and to extract valuable non-radioactive components in a purified form.
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